ALDH1A1 and breast carcinoma: Operationally, stemness biomarkers for breast cancer were identified through prior experimental evidence such as ALDH1, CD44, CD24, and were evaluated in patient samples to correlate with clinical outcomes or treatment responses.[7] We previously studied ALDH1A1 and CD133 expressions in breast carcinoma and found that CD133 is a promising marker for predicting treatment response.[8]