As shown in Figure 6, expression of TGF-β1—a key profibrotic factor—was significantly elevated in the stromal compartment of ovaries from PCOS rats (195.83 ± 33.23) compared to controls (12.50 ± 1.73) (P < 0.0001). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.