Many studies did not account for the confounding effects of prepandemic health behaviors, prevalent comorbidities, or apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype, which has been previously reported to both increase risk for severe COVID-1910 and enhance infection-related risk for incident dementia.11 Finally, US-based studies have typically involved single center clinical samples (often case series) with limited racial diversity.12,13,14,15,16. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is infection.