ALB and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Although the findings of prior studies have confirmed the effectiveness of auricular acupressure in improving Type 2 diabetes in older adults (Jang & Park, 2020; Liu et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2014), few studies have investigated the use of glycated hemoglobin, albumin, and fructosamine in glycemic control due to testing cost and inconvenience.