FGF1 and diabetic kidney disease: Our recent study observed a significant reduction in the renal expression of FGF1 in patients and mice with diabetic nephropathy [68] and supplementation of recombinant FGF1 protein significantly suppressed renal inflammation, glomerular and tubular damage, and renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice [68, 69], validating a renal protection of FGF1 under metabolic stress conditions.