The observed effect size of HDC/IL-2 over control in younger patients with normal karyotype AML (66% vs 31% LFS at 3 years; Table 1) implies that the treatment effect likely resides within at least one of the larger groups of patients with normal karyotype (FLT3 and/or NPM1-mutated) AML. The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.