HDC/IL-2 prevented late rather than early molecular relapses, with no molecular relapses (0/8 patients) occurring beyond 6 months in NPM1-mutated AML among HDC/IL-2-treated patients versus 9/14 (64%) in the matched controls (n = 22, HR 0, p = 0.009). This evidence concerns the gene NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia.