The TGF‐β signaling pathway can either promote or inhibit tumorigenesis, contingent on cellular and environmental contexts; it acts as a tumor suppressor in normal tissues by halting the cell cycle at G1, curbing epithelial cell proliferation, and promoting differentiation, yet in advanced tumors, TGF‐β shifts to an oncogenic role, driving cancer cell growth, self‐renewal of cancer‐initiating cells, EMT, invasion, tumor progression, metastasis, and immune evasion [11, 12, 13]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cancer.