CD4 and parasitic infectious disease: Thesecells are widely recognized as markers of functional memory and Wipasa et al. (2011) reported that IFN-γresponses to P. vivax are more persistentthan those to P. falciparum when assessed ex vivo by PBMC stimulation and flow cytometry. In our cohort, children whose memory CD4+ T cells responded to PvMSP119 with IFN-γ production exhibited lower parasitemia, indicatinga possible association between antigen-specific cellular memory andreduced parasite burden.