Moreover, several hub proteins (HIF1A, STAT3, MAPK1, GSK3B) targeted by these miRNAs are well-known regulators of inflammatory pathways and mitochondrial homeostasis: These findings highlight the critical roles of ncRNAs in mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration, emphasizing the urgent need for experimental studies on MRmiRNAs, particularly in the context of MS and other myelinopathies. The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.