E2F1 and cancer: These findings suggest that alizarin possesses a multifaceted anticancer potential; that is why our research is aiming to investigate alizarin’s mechanism in vivo for the first time, expanding the scope to additional cancer possible targeted pathways which could strengthen the mechanistic understanding of alizarin’s anticancer effects on ERα mediated by MDM2/p-Rb/E2F1 signaling cascade and apoptosis.