From day 5 upon tumor implantation, mice were treated according to the following schedule: the TGF-βRI inhibitor LY2157299 (daily oral gavage, 150 mg/kg weight) or solvent control (1% hydroxyethyl-cellulose HEC, 0.25% Tween 80, 0.05% Antifoam 1510-US in distilled water), anti-GITR antibody (3 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection at day 5, 7, 9), GITRL-Fc (30 μg/dose, i.p., consecutive administrations from day 5 to day 9), or combinations thereof. The gene discussed is TNFRSF18; the disease is neoplasm.