IGF1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: These complications involving the musculoskeletal system are likely a result of multiple factors that affect skeletal muscle and bone, including low insulin and IGF-1 levels, hyperglycemia and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), diagnosis of T1D in childhood or adolescence resulting in inability to attain optimal muscle and bone mass during early adulthood and duration of diabetes, amongst others (3).