VEGFA and neoplasm: This is associated with suppression of the TP53 pathway, which modulates expression of immune targets—including antigen-presenting cells (APCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-reg—in the tumor microenvironment via downstream TP53 signaling, while concurrently activating MYC, CCND1, and VEGF pathways, leading to tumor immune evasion and promotion of HPD (38).