In patients with intermediate-stage HCC beyond the up-to-11 criteria, one study demonstrated that the TACE+LEN+PD-1 group achieved significantly longer PFS (8.5 months) and OS (31.5 months) compared to the TACE+LEN group (PFS: 5.5 months, OS: 20.5 months) (23). Here, PDCD1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.