Western blot analysis demonstrated increased levels of pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-3 (c-caspase-3) and epithelial marker E-cadherin, alongside decreased levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and mesenchymal marker Vimentin (Figures 8J, K), reinforcing the oncogenic function of COL11A2 in melanoma. This evidence concerns the gene VIM and melanoma.