APP and Alzheimer disease: Elham Fanaee-Danesh et al. [102] used retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene (Bex) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist astaxanthin (Asx) to disrupt the APP cleavage process in primary porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (pBCECs) and in 3xTg AD mice.