Univariate Cox regression analysis identified several factors significantly associated with OS, including age, prostate surgery, radiotherapy to the primary tumor, anemia, neutrophilia, elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), visceral metastasis, bone metastasis, and PSA response (p < 0.05 for each). This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and anemia.