This finding expands the functional spectrum of the TRIM family in infection control and contrasts with the mechanisms by which TRIM25 promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival through the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway [42] and TRIM21 mediates increased macrophage death after Salmonella infection [43], highlighting the functional diversity of TRIM proteins. Here, TRAT1 is linked to Salmonella Infections.