REN and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: This could not only be attributed to the shared pathogenetic mechanisms such as obesity-induced systemic inflammation and up-regulated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, but also to heightened oxidative stress due to reduced glomerular filtration of free radical-generating wastes, accelerating degeneration and calcification of Bruch’s membrane and choroidal neovascularisation [37].