IDH1 and cancer: In cancer, NADPH supports the high anabolic demands and helps neutralize ROS generated during rapid proliferation.[42] Tumor cells frequently upregulate NADPH‐producing pathways; for example, NRF2 activation increases PPP and malic enzyme activity,[43] while oncogenes such as mutant IDH1 consume NADPH to produce 2‐HG,[44] and MYC and KRAS boost NADPH production through metabolic reprogramming.[45] Adequate NADPH levels allow cancer cells to counter oxidative stress and resist ROS‐inducing therapies.