This transfer infection is mediated mainly by CD11b+ memory B cells to epithelial cells at mucosal effector sites, such as the epithelium of the tonsillar crypts, most probably during the establishment of persistent infection of the host.13 Furthermore, these studies have suggested that the cell-to-cell transmission mechanism is intricately connected to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC)13 (Figure 1). Here, ITGAM is linked to infection.