During infection, ZBP1 responds to IAV and forms the ZBP1-RIPK3 complex, which then facilitates recruitment of RIPK1 and further forms ZBP1-PANoptosomes with ZBP1/RIPK3/RIPK1/FADD/CASP8 as the main components (12, 20, 21). This evidence concerns the gene ZBP1 and infection.