In the Rosa26LSL-Sox2-IRES-GFP; LKB1fl/fl (SL) mouse model, with overexpression of the TFs Sox2 and loss of the tumor suppressor LKB1, the tumors exhibit LUSC characteristics, such as expressing markers like KRT5 and DNp63, and are similar to human LUSC in gene expression and immune infiltration characteristics, including an abundance of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), low expression of NKX2-1, and activation of the mTOR pathway (high expression of p4EBP1). Here, MTOR is linked to neoplasm.