MTOR and diabetic kidney disease: 1.Enhancing the formation and subsequent removal of autophagic vesicles through signaling pathways mediated by AMPK and inhibition of mTOR.2.Inducing renal autophagy through the AMPK/SIRT1-FoxO1 pathway to alleviate kidney damage, improve oxidative stress, and correct glucose metabolism abnormalities.3.Providing protective effects for the kidneys in DKD by mitigating podocyte loss, apoptosis in mesangial cells, and senescence in tubular cells.