Other examples of drug pairs that work through parallel pathways and lead to enhanced anti-tumor efficacy include the combined inhibition of HER2 and PI3K in breast cancer cells (Rexer and Arteaga 2012) or co-targeting the HER family and IGF-R with afatinib and NVP-AEW541 in pancreatic cancer cells (Ioannou et al. 2013). This evidence concerns the gene PIK3CD and neoplasm.