Furthermore, our study revealed two distinct spatially localized immune niches surrounding metastatic tumor nests: Niche 1 populated with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, alveolar macrophages, macrophages, and various DCs associated with proliferative tumor lesions and Niche 2 enriched with CD103+ cDCs, monocytes, neutrophils, NK cells surrounding tumor cells with the characteristics of cellular dormancy. This evidence concerns the gene ITGAE and neoplasm.