Current research on hypercholesterolemia focuses on several key molecules that affect LDL-C synthesis, including β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), cholesterol ester transfer protein, lipoprotein lipase, angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3), and ApoCIII. The gene discussed is MTTP; the disease is familial hypercholesterolemia.