AIFM1 and brain ischemia: In summary, cerebral ischemia induces the initiation of P53 [127], which directly controls apoptosis by regulating the gene expression of BAX, BCL‐2, and BCL‐XL, or stimulates the opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore, thereby releasing AIF and Cyt C into the periplasm and cytoplasm.