Numerous studies have demonstrated that the administration of DPP-4 inhibitors exerts a substantial influence on the composition of the gut microbiota, as evidenced by an augmentation in the abundance of Bacteroidetes, a concomitant escalation in the production of succinate, and an amelioration of microbiota dysbiosis in obese and T2DM mice [66,67]. Here, DPP4 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.