CMBs could also be detected in other clinical conditions, such as primary or secondary central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis, CNS infections, infective endocarditis, cerebral fat embolism, radiation induced vascular malformations, hypoxemia, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), COL4A1 small vessel arteriopathy, acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (Weston–Hurst syndrome), or intravascular lymphoma [162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175]. Here, COL4A1 is linked to Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome.