Blocking XPO1 leads to the activation of CD8+ T-lymphocytes and NK cells, M2 to M1 macrophage re-polarization, and the inhibition of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophil extracellular traps, which provide potent immunosuppressive effects in the tumor microenvironment (Figure 1). Here, XPO1 is linked to neoplasm.