CPS1 and lung cancer: Cross-validation in multiple lung carcinoma cell lines confirmed CPS1 as the most robustly induced target, where LOC401312 overexpression in A549 cells elevated CPS1 mRNA levels by 4.1-fold compared to empty vector controls (Figure 3D), with Western blot analysis further demonstrating concomitant upregulation of CPS1 protein expression (Figure 3E) and parallel results observed in the H460 lung cancer cell line, collectively highlighting consistent transcriptional activation and protein-level induction across models.