This review systematically summarizes the molecular structure and functional networks of TRADD, along with its mechanistic roles in liver diseases: in HCC, TRADD expression correlates with tumor differentiation and is regulated by miRNA targeting; in ALD and MASLD, TRADD-mediated apoptosis is closely linked to fibrotic progression; and in acute liver injury, TRADD signaling is modulated by factors such as HO-1 to mitigate damage. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.