FGF19 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: It is of interest to note that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a C7 epimer of CDCA, has been suggested as an FXR antagonist in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients; this lowers FGF19 levels while inducing cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), a rate-limiting enzyme of BA biosynthesis [138].