ADORA2A and brain ischemia: Figure 7 shows marked elevation in the fluorescence intensity of ipsilateral hippocampal neurons positively stained with FJC, indicating significant neurodegeneration following cerebral ischemia compared to the sham group (p < 0.01). However, the A2AR antagonist istradefylline significantly attenuated the PVD-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration in the ipsilateral side of the PVD lesion (p < 0.05) and showed comparable results to the sham group.