In this study, we examined the relationship between neuroinflammation and three specific biomarkers—matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, the inflammasome NLRP3, and the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA—in connection with PTSD symptoms assessed using the PTSD Symptom Scale–Interview for DSM-5 (PSSI-5). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and post-traumatic stress disorder.