TNFSF11 and osteoporosis: In contrast to patients with osteoporosis, when compared to healthy controls, patients with diffuse bone sclerosis showed significantly higher levels of serum tryptase, higher levels of biomarkers related to bone formation and turnover, low RANKL levels, lower levels of IFN-γ, and a trend toward lower IL-6 levels, indicating an immunosuppressive cytokine secretion profile [32].