In the current study, the number and differentiation of BALF cells on days 1 and 14 did not significantly differ between the Wt and PAD4-KO groups, which suggests that PAD4 depletion does not affect the influx of inflammatory cells in the alveolar space during the acute and post-inflammatory (emphysema) phases of ELS-induced lung injury. The gene discussed is PADI4; the disease is pulmonary emphysema.