PTGS2 and triple-negative breast carcinoma: In triple-negative breast cancer models, OC’s dual inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 and COX-2/mPGES-1 pathways reduced Th17/Treg cross-talk by 40%, diminishing IL-17A-driven PD-L1 expression on tumor cells while augmenting CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity [30].