Notably, a new study highlights that in women with PCOS, altered levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly elevated MMP9 and reduced MMP-2, suggest an imbalance in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that may contribute to endothelial dysfunction, vascular tone, permeability, and structural integrity [27]. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.