GBP2 promotes breast cancer autophagy via ATG2, inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and boosting immune sensitivity; while in osteosarcoma, it encourages immune cell infiltration (e.g., CD8+ T cells) to curb growth, driven by its homodimerization and cytokine regulation [38,61]. This evidence concerns the gene GBP2 and breast carcinoma.