GBP5 supports positive outcomes in endometrial, ovarian, and colorectal cancers, often through immune infiltration, but accelerates malignancy in stomach cancer via a JAK1-STAT1/GBP5/CXCL8 positive feedback loop and in glioblastoma via Src/ERK1/2/MMP3 signaling [29,30,34,46,47,48]. Here, MAPK3 is linked to glioblastoma.