In terms of clinical outcomes, First Progression Survival (FPS) analysis of AJCC N2 subtype demonstrated that high MCM4 expression was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (HR = 2.09, log-rank p = 1.2 × 10−13), suggesting its potential role in promoting tumor growth and contributing to poor treatment response in early stages (Figure 8J). Here, MCM4 is linked to neoplasm.