The study demonstrates the feasibility of producing autologous CTL clones expressing an IL13 (E13Y)-zetakine CAR for targeted HLA-independent glioma treatment. Intracranial infusion of these CTLs into three patients with recurrent glioblastoma was well-tolerated, with manageable brain inflammation. Two patients showed transient anti-glioma responses, and one patient’s tumor tissue analysis revealed reduced IL13Rα2 expression post-treatment. MRI of another patient showed increased tumor necrosis at the infusion site [52]. This evidence concerns the gene IL13 and glioblastoma.