HAVCR1 and chronic kidney disease: In a cross-sectional study by Waikar et al. (2016), a strong positive correlation was demonstrated between urinary KIM-1 level and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in individuals with and at risk for CKD (95% CI: 0.15-0.17), suggesting its potential role in the diagnosis and prognosis of CKD [13].