SERPINE1 and sarcopenia: In addition, differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3), fas cell surface death receptor (FAS), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) were indicated as SASP factors that could significantly influence musculoskeletal metabolism and play an important role in the progression of sarcopenia [22].