In the UIA group, we observed a significant positive correlation between serum TGF-β1 and aneurysm size (R = 0.515, p = 0.010), a negative correlation with aneurysm count (R = −0.492, p = 0.015), and a positive correlation with sex (R = 0.514, p = 0.010). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is aneurysm.