Notably, the combined therapy (T2D + LGG + MET) achieved the most substantial restoration of antioxidant defense parameters, with SOD, CAT, and GPx activities reaching a significant rise of 22.37% (p < 0.01), 33.82% (p < 0.01), and 25.47% (p < 0.001) correspondingly when compared to the group of diabetics who were not receiving any treatment, suggesting complementary antioxidant mechanisms between probiotic and pharmacological interventions. This evidence concerns the gene CAT and type 2 diabetes mellitus.