SIRT5, another member of the sirtuin family found in mitochondria, has low deacetylation activity and primarily regulates protein function through modifications such as de-oleosylation, de-propionylation, and de-pentadecanoylation, participating in various physiological and pathological processes; the dysregulation or uncontrolled activity of SIRT5 can lead to multiple human diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease, making SIRT5 a promising drug target [16]. The gene discussed is SIRT5; the disease is cancer.