In leukemia, BMAs have been shown to undergo reprogramming, supporting leukemic cell survival by secreting cytokines such as stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 also known as CXC motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12)), which facilitates the homing and retention of leukemic cells in the BM [54]. Here, CXCL12 is linked to leukemia.