TBI led to significant reductions in species richness and evenness; FMT restored these parameters, indicating reversal of dysbiosis. Histological analysis showed that FMT reduced microglial activation, as evidenced by decreased Iba1 expression, suggesting attenuation of neuroinflammatory responses. MRI assessments demonstrated that FMT mitigated ventriculomegaly and preserved white matter integrity, as indicated by improved fractional anisotropy values. Here, AIF1 is linked to Ventriculomegaly.